NIKHIL DALMIA(BTech+MTech)(A2325312022)

Tenses

Definition:  A set of forms taken by a verb to indicate the time (and sometimes also the continuance or completeness) of the action in relation to.

Types of tense:

1. Simple present
2. Present progressive
3. Simple past
4. Past progressive
5. Present perfect
6. Present perfect progressive
7.  Past perfect
8. Past perfect progressive
9. Simple future
10. Future progressive

§  Simple present: action in the present taking place once, never or several times, facts actions taking place one after another, action set by a timetable or schedule. For example: A: He speaks. N: He does not speak. Q: Does he speak?

§  Present progressive: action taking place in the moment of speaking, action taking place only for a limited period of time, action arranged for the future. For example: A: He is speaking. N: He is not speaking. Q: Is he speaking?

§  Simple past: action in the past taking place once, never or several times, actions taking place one after another, action taking place in the middle of another action. For example: A: He spoke. N: He did not speak. Q: Did he speak?

§  Past progressive: action going on at a certain time in the past, actions taking place at the same time, action in the past that is interrupted by another action. For example: A: He was speaking. N: He was not speaking. Q: Was he speaking?

§  Present perfect: putting emphasis on the result, action that is still going on, action that stopped recently, finished action that has an influence on the present, action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking. For example: A: He has spoken. N: He has not spoken. Q: Has he spoken?

§  Present perfect progressive: putting emphasis on the course or duration (not the result), action that recently stopped or is still going on, finished action that influenced the present. For example: A: He has been speaking. N: He has not been speaking. Q: Has he been speaking?

§  Past perfect: action taking place before a certain time in the past, sometimes interchangeable with past perfect progressive, putting emphasis only on the fact (not the duration). For example: A: He had spoken. N: He had not spoken. Q: Had he spoken?

§ Past perfect progressive: action taking place before a certain time in the past, sometimes interchangeable with past perfect simple, putting emphasis on the duration or course of an action. For example: A: He had been speaking. N: He had not been speaking. Q: Had he been speaking?

§  Simple future: action in the future that cannot be influenced, spontaneous decision, assumption with regard to the future. For example: A: He will speak. N: He will not speak. Q: Will he speak?

§  Simple future progressive: action that is going on at a certain time in the future, action that is sure to happen in the near future. For example: A: He will be speaking. N: He will not be speaking. Q: Will he be speaking?